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08pl1
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1995-04-22
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This message announces the availability of patch level 1 of version
0.08 of Linux/68k.
It can be ftped from directory /pub/linux/680x0 at tsx-11.mit.edu.
A precompiled kernel executable can be found in vmlinux-0.08pl1.gz in
the "kernel" subdirectory. The "bootstrap" program from 0.08 should
be used to boot the new kernel.
The patch for the kernel source can be found in linux-0.08pl1.diffs.gz
in the "src" subdirectory.
The changes in this release against 0.08 include:
*) Major changes to the low level Amiga console code contributed by David
Carter (carter@compsci.bristol.ac.uk). These changes provide
*huge* speedups in the console scrolling, as well as
non-interlaced OCS modes and PAL modes. See below.
*) Addition of the ISO9660 file system code. Thanks to Frank Neumann
(Frank.Neumann@arbi.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de) for the changes.
*) High level terminal emulation bug fixes from Arno Griffioen.
*) SCSI changes. Hopefully GVP IOExtender owners will not see their
IOExtenders identified as GVP disk controllers anymore. A2091 and
GVP users should see faster disk writes now also.
*) 68040 cache changes from Martin Apel (apel@physik.uni-kl.de) and
William Rucklidge (wjr@cs.cornell.edu). These should fix all the
problems with executables and the 68040 copy-back cache (all those
inexplicable Illegal instruction errors).
*) Minor build mechanism changes.
*) Changes allowing selection of the video mode at boot time using
"bootstrap" command line options. See below.
This release still contains only support for the Amiga. Hopefully the
people working on MacIntosh and Atari support will have some sources
for inclusion soon.
To boot the kernel on an Amiga, use the supplied "bootstrap" command.
The video mode can now be selected on the bootstrap command line.
The video option is given using "video=mode,[inverse]", where the
allowed modes are:
ntsc -> put the console in a non-interlaced NTSC mode (80x25)
ntsc-lace -> put the console in an interlaced NTSC mode (80x50)
pal -> put the console in a non-interlaced PAL mode (80x32)
pal-lace -> put the console in an interlaced PAL mode (80x64)
If you specify the optional "inverse" keyword, the console will use
reverse video (white on black).
Note that neither the NTSC or PAL modes mess around with any of the
ECS programmable scan rate registers, so your video hardware must be
already set to the appropriate scan rate before you boot Linux.
For example, to boot with an inverse non-interlaced pal screen, you
would boot with the parameter "video=inverse,pal". To boot with an
interlaced ntsc screen, you would boot with the parameter
"video=ntsc-lace".
The console code picks an "appropriate" mode based on available
information.
It chooses a PAL mode on PAL machines and NTSC otherwise. It chooses
interlaced on A3000 and A4000 machines and non-interlaced otherwise.
To boot with the ram disk image, uncompress the image and type:
bootstrap -r new-filesys ro
The "ro" option tells the kernel to mount the ramdisk as read-only.
The "/etc/rc" file on the ramdisk image will "check" the ramdisk image
and re-mount the root (ram disk) file system read/write. The ram disk
image contains an "/sbin/shutdown" script which will unmount all
file systems, mount the ram disk read-only, sync all dirty buffers, and
then print a message indicating that it is safe to reboot.
You can boot from an existing Linux hard disk partition by supplying
the device name to the bootstrap program:
bootstrap root=/dev/[sh]d[a-f][1-16]
You may want to provide the "ro" option to mount the partition
read-only.
The major number for SCSI disks is "0x08", and the minor number
depends on the disk and partition. linux/68k searches for SCSI disks
from target 0 to target 7, and for Logical Units 0 through 7 on each
target. The minor number can be calculated by (disk_number)*16 +
partition_number. The first disk found is disk 0. Partition 0 is the
whole disk. Partition 1 is the first partition found in the
RigidDiskBlock partition table on the Amiga hard disk. Thus 0x0801 is
the first partition on the first disk found. 0x0812 is the second
partition on the second hard disk found.
For example, I have two SCSI hard disks. The first is at target 5,
LUN 0 and the second at target 6, LUN 0. The first has three
partitions (used for Linux) and the second has 4 partitions used for
AmigaDOS.
Thus I have:
devnum linux device name
------ ------------------------------------
0x0800 sda (the entire disk at target 5 : BE CAREFUL)
0x0801 sda1 (1st partition on disk at target 5)
0x0802 sda2 (2nd partition on disk at target 5)
0x0803 sda3 (3rd partition on disk at target 5)
0x0810 sdb (the entire disk at target 6 : BE CAREFUL)
0x0811 sdb1 (1st partition on disk at target 6)
0x0812 sdb2 (2nd partition on disk at target 6)
0x0813 sdb3 (3rd partition on disk at target 6)
0x0814 sdb4 (4th partition on disk at target 6)
*NOTE* The target numbers above are examples; these are what I get on
my system, since the first disk is at target 5 and the second at
target 6. If your first disk is at target 0, your sda will *still* be
0x0800 (/dev/sda).
My Linux root partition is on the 1st partition of my first drive, so
I boot with:
bootstrap root=/dev/sda1
After booting from one of the above methods, if the kernel supports
your SCSI driver, you should be able to create a minix file system on
one of your hard disk partitions if you wish.
Determine the size of your partition in 1K blocks (take the number of
512 byte sectors from HDToolBox and divide by two), and determine
which special file to use in /dev (see above). *DOUBLE CHECK* that
the major/minor numbers for the special device (ls -l /dev/xxx) are
correct. If they are incorrect or the device special file doesn't
exist, use mknod to change or create the device special file. Then
execute:
/sbin/mkfs.minix /dev/xxxx size
This will create a minix file system on the hard disk partition. You
can then mount this partition under /mnt and copy files to it:
mount /dev/xxxx /mnt
When finished copying, unmount the partition:
umount /mnt
sync a few times, run "/sbin/shutdown" and then reboot. You can then
boot the kernel by providing "bootstrap" with the device name to boot
from.
Again, you do any mucking around with hard disks at your OWN RISK.
Note that the above can be used on IDE hard disks now also, except
that the major/minor numbers for IDE hard disks are different, and the
special devices in /dev are named hd[ab][1-64].